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furst

A URL router. It sits where your default browser used to, and sends each URL to the cheapest tool that can actually handle it — mpv for video, a pager for PDFs, a light WebKit browser for reading, and Firefox only when nothing else will do.

Built for a Core2 Duo with 4GB of RAM, where the browser is the problem.

Why

A news page is 25MB across 80+ requests with 13MB of JavaScript to parse and JIT. The same article extracted is ~20KB. Choosing a lighter engine buys 23×; not loading the payload at all buys 10100×. furst is the dispatcher that decides which of those you get, per URL.

Install

cargo build --release
install -Dm755 target/release/furst ~/.local/bin/furst

furst --init      # writes ~/.config/furst/rules.toml, probes for a light browser
furst --install   # registers furst as the system default browser

--install writes ~/.local/share/applications/furst.desktop and points xdg-settings at it, so every link click in every application routes here.

Use

furst <url>              # match a rule and exec its command
furst --explain <url>    # show what would run, and why; run nothing
furst --list             # show the loaded rules

--explain is the one you want when a URL goes somewhere surprising:

$ furst --explain https://youtu.be/abc123
scheme  https
host    youtu.be
path    /abc123

-> [video] mpv --ytdl-format=bestvideo[vcodec^=avc1][height<=?720]+... https://youtu.be/abc123
   [default] surf https://youtu.be/abc123

Rules

~/.config/furst/rules.toml. First matching rule wins. If its command is missing from $PATH, furst falls through to the next matching rule, and finally to default — which is what lets you name tools you have not written yet and have the config stay working today.

default = ["surf", "{url}"]

[[rule]]
name = "video"
hosts = ["youtube.com", "youtu.be"]
run = ["mpv", "--ytdl-format=bestvideo[vcodec^=avc1][height<=?720]+bestaudio/best", "{url}"]

[[rule]]
name = "hn"
hosts = ["news.ycombinator.com"]
terminal = true                      # wrap in $TERMINAL -e
run = ["furst-hn", "{url}"]

A rule matches when every criterion it states is satisfied; a criterion is satisfied by any one of its patterns. A rule that states nothing matches everything.

Key Matches against
schemes https, mailto, magnet, …
hosts example.com = apex and every subdomain; *.example.com = same; =example.com = that host exactly; * = any
paths path component only, glob with *, case-insensitive
contains substring of the whole raw URL
Placeholder
{url} {url_enc} the URL, raw or percent-encoded
{host} {path} {scheme} parsed components

If no argument mentions {url} or {url_enc}, the URL is appended last.

Notes for old hardware

  • Force H.264 for video. A Core2 handles 720p avc1 in software but stalls on VP9/AV1, which is what YouTube serves by default. That format string is doing more work than the resolution cap.
  • Host matching strips userinfo with rfind('@'), so https://bank.example@evil.example/ routes on evil.example.
  • furst execs the handler rather than forking, so it leaves no process behind.

Companion tools

  • furst-read — fetch a page, extract the article, and render it as minimal HTML with no scripts, stylesheets, or webfonts. The reader rule in the starter config points at it.

License

MIT